Countering fake news: A survey of recent global initiatives.

This report examines the various government measures aimed at tackling fake news, with a focus on disinformation that poses a threat to national security. The report highlights key actions, including new legislation that holds technology companies and individuals responsible, as well as efforts to combat the influence of automated social media accounts operated by bots. The report stresses the importance of a comprehensive strategy that combines legislative and non-legislative measures, such as pre-emptive actions, agile crisis communication, fact-checking initiatives, and long-term efforts to enhance media literacy and social resilience.