This study provides an overview of genetic modification technology, focusing on recombinant DNA technology and its applications in creating genetically modified (GM) or transgenic organisms. It highlights commercially grown transgenic crops like herbicide-resistant soybeans and virus-resistant sweet potatoes, as well as other innovations such as bananas producing vaccines and fast-maturing fish. While GM technologies promise solutions for global challenges like malnutrition and food security, they also raise concerns about environmental impact, health risks, consumer rights, and ethical issues. The passage calls for a critical evaluation of the risks and benefits of this technology.